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Mass Number Period Block Oxidation State Group Name Electronic Configuration 1 1 1 s-block +1, −1 Non metal 1s¹ 🔹 Key Points 1.Lightest element (lowest density gas). 2.Highly flammable, forms explosive mixtures with air. 3.Most abundant element in the universe (~75%). 4.Used as clean fuel in hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity with only water as a by-product
2 Mass Number 4 Period 1 Block s-block Oxidation State(s) 0 (inert) Group Name Noble gas Electronic Configuration 1s² 🔹 Key Points 1.Second lightest element; very low density. 2.Chemically inert (does not react easily). 3.Lowest boiling point of all elements (−268.93 °C). 4.Used in balloons and airships (light and non-flammable)
3 Mass Number 7 Period 2 Block s-block Oxidation State(s) +1 Group Name Alkali metals Electronic Configuration 1s² 2s¹ 🔹 Key Points 1.Lightest solid metal. 2.Highly reactive alkali metal. 3.Low density; soft and silvery. 4.Used in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries
Mass Number Period Block Oxidation State(s) Group Name Electronic Configuration 🔹 Key Points 1.Hard, gray metal. 2.Toxic if inhaled as dust. 3.Low density and high melting point. 4.Used in aerospace alloys 4 9 2 s-block +2 Alkaline Earth Metal 1s² 2s²
Mass Number Period Block Oxidation State(s) Group name Electronic Configuration Key Points 1.Metalloid with properties of metals and nonmetals. 2.Poor conductor at room temperature. 3.Strengthens glass and ceramics. 4.Used in borosilicate glass (e.g., Pyrex). 5 11 2 p-block +3 Metalloid 1s² 2s² 2p¹
Mass Number 6 12 Period 2 Block Oxidation State(s) p-block Group name Electronic Configuration −4, +2, +4 Nonmetal 1s² 2s² 2p² 🔹 Key Points 1.Basis of all known life. 2.Exists in forms like diamond, graphite, graphene. 3.Can form strong covalent bonds. 4.Used in fuels and organic compounds.
Mass Number Period Block Oxidation State(s) Group name Electronic Configuration 🔹 Key Points 1.Makes up ~78% of Earth’s atmosphere. 2.Essential for proteins and DNA. 3.Chemically inert as N₂ gas. 4.Used in fertilizers and explosives 7 14 2 p-block −3, +3, +5 Nonmetal 1s² 2s² 2p³
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