Volume I, Issue I (Maiden Issue) AY 2020- 2021 Leonardo O. Munalim, PhD, LPT Chief Editor Felina C. Young, PhD Honored Consultant Philippine Women’s University
OF PWU THESIS AND DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS Volume 1, Issue 1 (Maiden Issue) AY 2020-2021 (August 2020 to July 2021) Published by Philippine Women’s University Manila, Philippines www.pwu.edu.ph Philippine Copyright 2021 by the Philippine Women’s University ISSN : 2799-0788 Compendium (print) 2799-0796 Compendium (online) ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. Except in the form of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews, portions of this Issue may not be used or reproduced in any manner or form without the prior written permission both of the Author and the RDO. Inquiries and permission should be addressed to: Research and Development Office Philippine Women’s University 1743 Taft Avenue, 1004 Manila, Philippines Tel no. +63(2) 8465-1777 Fax no. +63(2) 8526-6935 E-mail: rdo@pwu.edu.ph
COMPENDIUM OF PWU THESIS AND DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS COMPENDIUM of PWU Thesis and Dissertation Abstracts is a scholarly album of PWU thesis and dissertation abstracts produced by the Graduate Studies educands of the Philippine Women’s University. It is published once every academic year to consolidate all done-deal thesis and dissertation abstracts within this period. Its Maiden Issue was released in July 2021 during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. © 2021 Compendium of PWU Abstracts & Author. Published by Philippine Women’s University. i
The logo foregrounds the gear icon, which is culled from the original logo of the Research and Development Office (RDO). It represents the nature of the letter “O” that can run to infinity in one’s search for bodies of knowledge. The gear with 14 teeth represents the 14 major Schools of the University. It is attached to the letter “M” so that it is capable of thriving the other constituent entities of the University. The gear, however, is not attached to letter C because it is the ideal challenge of the PWU scholars to establish the connections of these disciplinal niches and gaps for the betterment of human society. The dominant color of maroon is based upon the color of PWU: CYAN - 27 MAGENTA - 100 YELLOW - 90 BLACK 31. Equally important, the conspicuous gradient is indicative of the multidisciplinarity, interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinarity of all research activities in the University. ii © 2021 Compendium of PWU Abstracts & Author. Published by Philippine Women’s University.
This maiden Issue of COMPENDIUM was published during the bleak days of the COVID-19 pandemic! Klaus Schwab and Thierry Malleret in their 2020 book titled COVID-19: The Great Reset, opened with three defining characteristics of today’s world. Accordingly, the world has been shaped through the tripartite dimensions of interdependence, velocity, and complexity. By interdependence, they mean that the “globalization and technological progress… has prompted some pundits to declare that the world is now “hyperconnected”” (p. 1). And because of this greater interdependence, it has induced velocity – in short – a sense of urgency and immediacy. In our attempts for interdependence and speed, our world has become complex. I also hold that the realm of research has come behind these three-pronged forces of interdependence, velocity, and complexity. Firstly, researchers who attempt to do away with stating axiomatic and self-evident claims in their research, always build their arguments on the rich scholarly literature. Secondly, with the culture of “publish or perish” in the academe, researchers produce research fast and consider journals with a promise of fast publication. For example, a renowned publisher Taylor & Francis offers an Accelerated Publication that is fast without compromising quality. Lastly, situating at the interface of interdependence and velocity, I argue that research in some sense has become too complex, so to speak. With this in mind, the publication of this maiden Issue of COMPENDIUM is also an endeavor of the University to cling to the practice of interdependence and velocity in research, but at the same time to dilute and loosen the belt of complexity. An abstract is the window to soul, heart, and meat of the actual paper depiction, inducing a synoptic understanding of the paper. It can further hasten interdependence and velocity, and mitigate the complexity of the already-rich-filled body of knowledge. A total of 51 abstracts of theses and dissertations completed within the AY 20202021 then occupies the rest of this Maiden Issue. I thank these authors for sharing their Abstract. Research is only complete once shared. Be interdependent. Be fast. But be simple. We want the research affairs enjoyable, not as bleak as the COVID-19 pandemic! Forge ahead, Patriotic Philwomenian researchers! Full Prof. Leonardo O. Munalim, PhD, LPT Chief Editor, Compendium of PWU Thesis and Dissertation Abstracts Director, PWU Research and Development Office © 2021 Compendium of PWU Abstracts & Author. Published by Philippine Women’s University. iii
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