BS DEVC - 3102
This flipbook will be discussing special laws relevant to mass media - the definitions, essence, and existing provisions in the Philippines.
Shield law is law that protects journalists against the compelled disclosure of confidential information, including the identities of their sources, or the forced surrender of unpublished written material collected during news gathering, such as notes.
RA No. 1477, which amended RA No. 53 in 1956, states: “Without prejudice to his liability under the civil and criminal laws, the publisher, editor, columnist or duly accredited reporter of any newspaper, magazine or periodical of general circulation cannot be compelled to reveal the source of any news-report or information appearing in said publication which was related in confidence to such publisher, editor or reporter unless the court or a House or committee of Congress finds that such revelation is demanded by the security of the State.”
Therefore, this law is essential to the practice of investigative journalism and thus to the existence of a free press within Philippine Law as Shield laws are statutes that provide journalists either an absolute or qualified privilege to refuse to disclose sources used or information obtained in the course of news gathering.
What is copyright? Copyright refers to the collection of all rights enjoyed by the owner of an artistic or literary work. According to Section 178 and 179 of Republic Act 8293, the copyright ownership is under the following rules: Copyright shall belong to the author of the work for original literary and artistic works. For works with joint ownership, all the authors will be recognized as original owners. It protects original works of authorship including literary, dramatic, musical, audiovisual and artistic works, such as poetry, novels, movies, songs, computer software, and architecture.
Is copyright deposit necessary to protect artistic or literary works? No, copyrightable works are protected from the moment of their creation What constitutes copyright infringement in the Philippines? Infringing copy of the work for the following purposes: (a) selling or letting for hire, or by way of trade offering or exposing for sale or hire, the article; (b) distributing the article for the purpose of trade, or for any other purpose to an extent that will prejudice the rights of the copyright owner in the work; or (c) trade exhibit of the article in public.
A free and fair election involves political freedoms and fair processes leading up to the vote, a fair count of eligible voters who cast a ballot, a lack of electoral fraud or voter suppression, and acceptance of election results by all parties.
Fair Election Act of 9006 An Act to Enhance the Holding of Free, Orderly, Honest, Peaceful and Credible Elections Through Fair Election Practices Prohibited campaign. - It is unlawful for any person, or for any political party or association of persons to engage in an election campaign or partisan political activity, outside of the campaign periods.
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